Archive for November, 2008

Comparing Old and New Consumer Product Saftey Acts Proves Difficult – Showing Edits Inline May Help

Tuesday, November 25th, 2008

Confused guy w two docs The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 has generated quite a bit of angst and confusion for companies trying to do the right thing.  Manufacturers, importers and retailers struggle to figure out which of their current practices are still acceptable versus what actions need to be changed.

Currently, the published version of US Code Title 15, Chapter 47 (Commerce and Trade – Consumer Product Safety) only includes laws passed prior to January 3, 2007.  However, in my last post, I published a chart that lists the amendments enacted by the CPSIA of 2008, the full text of which is readily available.  Hence, everything a company needs to ensure it is compliant is right here – the old laws and the revisions.  So why all the trouble?

Part of the problem is that reading through these documents is not such a simple task. Companies would need to go through passages like the one below with both, lengthy documents side by side in order to figure out exactly what the new laws are.

Section 14(b) (15 U.S.C.2063(b)) is amended—

(1) by striking ‘‘consumer products which are subject to

consumer product safety standards under this Act’’ and

inserting ‘‘any product which is subject to a consumer product

safety rule under this Act, or a similar rule, regulation,

standard, or ban under any other Act enforced by the Commission,’’;

and

(2) by striking ‘‘or testing programs.’’ and inserting ‘‘,unless….

I know the pain well, as I was one of those who flipped back and forth between the two documents the very day the CPSIA was published in August of this year.  It is a time consuming and tedious task for anyone who cannot afford to wait for the law books to be updated.

The official code is scheduled to be revised in January 2009 and will then incorporate all the recent amendments, including those passed by the CPSIA of 2008.  Until then, the CPSC has developed and “unofficial compilation” of the laws with all the amendments up to and including the CPSIA of 2008.  This is an extraordinarily helpful tool, especially for companies that want or need to start from scratch to ensure that they are compliant with all laws – old and new

However, for companies that have been through a compliance audit in the past and are certain that they were correctly following all of the rules up until the CPSIA was passed in August 2008, starting from scratch by referring to a complete, revised document may not be as useful since one cannot identify the changes from the revised version alone.

In attempt to help with this problem, I have contemplated publishing a “redlined” version of the laws that would show all the changes. To test whether this may be a useful tool, I have posted an edited version of Section 2063: Product Certification and Labeling, showing all revisions imposed by CPSIA  Section 102: Mandatory Third Party Testing for Certain Children’s Products, and Section 103: Tracking Labels for Children’s Products.

The compiling process takes a bit of effort, so if you find the version with revisions shown inline useful, please do let me know either via a comment to this post or via email (Jennifer [at] WeMakeItSafer.com).  If I receive enough feedback to suggest it is a worthwhile task, I will post additional sections with the amendments identified.

Quick Guide to US Code Sections Amended by the CPSIA

Wednesday, November 19th, 2008

I recently posted a blog entry explaining that the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 does not replace the CPSA of 1972.  Rather, like other product safety Acts that have been passed over the last thirty-six years, the CPSIA of 2008 serves to amend the code of law, specifically Title 15, Chapter 47, Sections 2051 – 2089.

Below is what I hope will be a handy guide to identifying which sections of the CPSA have been revised by the CPSIA of 2008.   As always, if you have questions or need help finding information, do not hesitate to contact me at Jennifer [at] WeMakeItSafer.com


US Code to CPSA to CPSIA Translation Guide


This Section of the US Code Title 15, Chapter 47:


Established by This Section of the CPSA:


Was Amended by this Section of the CPSIA of 2008:

2051

1

1(a)

2051

1

2(a)

2051

1

3

2051

2

231

2051

2

239(a)

2051

2

239(b)

2052

3

235(a)-(c)(1)

2053

4

202(a)

2053

4

202(b)(1)

2053

4

202(b)(2)

2053

4

212(b)

2054

5

204(a)(2)

2055

6

211

2055

6

235(c)(2)

2056

7

n/a

2057

8

n/a

2058

9

204(a)(1)

2058

9

213

2058

9

235(c)(3)

2059

10

n/a

2060

11

236(a)

2060

11

236(b)

2061

12

n/a

2062

13

n/a

2063

14

102(a)(1)(A)

2063

14

102(a)(1)(B)

2063

14

102(a)(2),(3),(b)

2063

14

102(c)

2063

14

102(d)

2063

14

103

2064

15

214

2064

15

223(a)

2065

16

215

2065

16

223(c)(2)

2066

17

216(b)

2066

17

222

2066

17

223(b),(c)(1)

2066

17

235(c)(6)

2067

18

221(a)

2068

19

216(a)

2069

20

217(a)(1)

2069

20

217(b)(1)(A)

2069

20

217(b)(2)

2070

21

217(c)(1),(2)

2070

21

217(d)

2071

22

n/a

2072

23

n/a

2073

24

218(a)

2074

25

n/a

2075

26

n/a

2076

27

203(a)

2076

27

209(a)

2076

27

209(b)

2077

28

235(c)(6)

2078

29

207

2078

29

235(c)(7)

2079

30

237

2080

31

n/a

2081

32

201(a)

2081

32

201(c)

2081

32

235(c)(4)

2082

35

235(c)(3)

2082

35

235(c)(5)

2083

36

n/a

2084

37

n/a

2085

38

n/a

2086

n/a

206(a)

2087

n/a

219(a)

2088

n/a

224(a)

2089

n/a

232(a)

©2008 WeMakeItSafer

Source:

United States Code, Table Of Classifications For Public Laws, 110th Congress, 2nd Session (Covering Public Laws 110-181 through 110-448)

CPSC to Streamline Certification Requirements Under CPSIA Sec. 102

Tuesday, November 11th, 2008

Update postit
Due
to apparent mass confusion surrounding the new product certification rules, the Commission’s
final ruling limits the types of companies that must provide certifications and trims down some of the administrative requirements.


Background:

Section 14 of the Consumer Product Safety Act [US Code Title 15, Chapter 47, Section
2063] covers Product Certification and Labeling. The section was recently amended by Sections
102 and 103 of the CPSIA of 2008.   This post will cover the amendments specified
by Section 102 and the changes that the CPSC ruled on today.


Originally,
Sec. 102 of the CPSIA specified that:

  • As of tomorrow, November 12, 2008 (90
    days after enactment of CPSIA), every manufacturer, importer and private labeler
    of a product intended for import, consumption, storage or sale in the USA must, for each product, provide a certificate that lists every applicable rule, standard and law and certifies that the product complies with each.
  • Every manufacturer, importer and private labeler of a children’s
    product
    intended for import, consumption, storage or sale in the USA, must first issue a certificate of proof
    that the product has been tested for compliance by an accredited third party. 

The accreditation requirements for third parties are to be
published by the CPSC on a rolling basis by the dates listed below.  Once published, companies will then have 90 days to
comply.


Third Party Accreditation Requirements to be Released by:

September 13, 2008:   Lead Paint (p.
54564 of the Federal Register (FR))

October 13, 2008:       Full-Size
Cribs, Non-Full-Size Cribs, Pacifiers
(p. 62965 FR)

November 12, 2008:    Small Parts (p. 67840 FR)       
December 12, 2008:   Children’s
Metal Jewelry
(p. 78334 FR)       

March 12, 2008:         Baby Bouncers, Walkers, Jumpers         
June 13, 2008:           All other
children’s product safety rules.

I will
continue to post links to the accreditation requirements as they become available.



Commission’s
Final Ruling on Sec. 102:

Today, the Commission issued its final rule regarding Section 102.  In it, the Commission designates "the importer as the sole entity that must issue the certificate required by
Sec. 14 (a) in the case of an imported product.”  The certificate must be available upon
arrival for inspection in the US, or sooner.

For domestically produced
products, the Commission designated “the domestic manufacturer as the sole
entity that must issue the certificate required by Sec. 14 (a).”  The certificate must be available before the “product
or shipment is introduced into domestic commerce.”

In both cases, the
Commission ruled that certificates may be provided electronically if they can
be uniquely identified to a particular product and can be reasonably
accessed.  Electronic and paper certificates must include the following information (summarized here):

1.   
Product(s)
covered by the certificate

2.    List
of applicable safety rules, bans,
standards or regulations

3.    Name,
address and phone number of importer or domestic manufacturer providing
certificate

4.   
Contact
information for person maintaining test records

5.   
Date
and location where product was manufactured

6.   
Date
and location where product was tested

7.   
Name
and contact information for any third-party tester or lab used

In
addition, although the Commission stated that it expects all companies to
put forth their best effort to comply with the new certification rules, due to
limited resources it will initially focus on compliance with the safety rules and laws rather than the format
of the certificate itself.

 
Commission's final rule
regarding Section 102

 

The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (2008 CPSIA) Does Not Replace the Consumer Product Safety Act (1972 CPSA)

Sunday, November 9th, 2008

Law scales
Over the last few months, I have been asked several times whether the CPSIA of 2008 replaces the CPSA. The
answer is no. The CPSIA of 2008 amends previous
laws, in some instances by revising the language, and in others by adding entirely new sections.  In fact, the CPSA of 1972 has been
amended several times over the years.

The original Consumer Product Safety Act was entered into law on October 27,
1972 and sits in the United States Code at Title 15, along with other
laws governing Commerce and Trade. Within
Title 15 there are over 100 chapters setting forth laws on everything from monopolies
and trademarks to industry specific rules for various industries such as fisheries
and textiles. Chapter 47 of Title 15
is dedicated to Consumer Product Safety.
While other chapters also address product safety matters, such as Chapter
86 which establishes rules for Children’s Bicycle Helmet Safety, the focus for
this post is Chapter 47, where the majority of the amendments made by the CPSIA
of 2008 as well as most other laws associated with the Consumer Product Safety Commission
(CPSC) are reflected.

If you are interested in how Consumer Product Safety
laws have changed over the years, a list of the amendments to Title 15, Chapter
47, is presented below. You can review
summaries of the amendments by entering the Public Law number shown below on
the Public Law search page
at the Library of Congress
. The
first part of the Public Law number refers to the congressional session during
which the law was passed. When
searching, first select the congress number, then select the number range that
contains the Public Law in which you are interested.

In my next post, I will
provide a guide to locating specific amendments set forth by the CPSIA 2008 in
the code.

Oct. 27, 1972:
Consumer Product Safety
Act of 1972

Public
Law 92-573
; 86 Stat.
1207

May 11, 1976:
Consumer Product Safety
Commission Improvements Act of 1976
Public Law 94-284, 90 Stat. 503

July 11, 1978:
Emergency Interim Consumer
Product Safety Standard Act of 1978

Public Law 95-319, 92 Stat. 386

November 10, 1978:
Consumer Product Safety
Act Authorization Act of 1978

Public Law 95-631, 92 Stat. 3742

October 3, 1980:
Public Law 96-373, 94 Stat. 1366

August 13, 1981:
Consumer Product Safety
Amendments of 1981

Public Law 97-35, title 12, subtitle A, 95 Stat. 703

January 4, 1983:
Orphan Drug Act
Public Law 97-414, 96 Stat. 2049

October 31, 1988:
Lead Contamination Control
Act of 1988

Public Law 100-572, 102 Stat. 2884

November 18, 1988:
Anti-Drug Abuse Act of
1988

Public Law 100-690, 102 Stat. 4181

November 16, 1990:
Consumer Product Safety
Improvement Act of 1990

Public Law 101-608, 104 Stat. 3110

June 16, 1994:
Child Safety Protection
Act

Public Law 103-267, 108 Stat. 722

November 2, 1994:
Public Law 103-437, 108 Stat. 4581

August 14, 2008:
Consumer Product Safety
Improvement Act of 2008

Public
Law 110-314
, 122 Stat. 3016

Reference Note:

The list of amendments provided above was identified by CPSC staff in their unofficial compilation of the CPSA.  Amendments, not including the CPSIA of 2008, can also be found by reviewing Title 15, Chapter 47 of the official code, the amendments of which are listed at the end of each section.  Currently, the government website that provides the official source for these documents is “experiencing technical problems.”  I will provide a link as it becomes available.

More Information About the CPSIA Please

Monday, November 3rd, 2008

If you have been
following this blog since its inception, you have noticed a mix of topics, from
research regarding the financial impact of recalls on manufacturers to safety tips for consumers.  The reason?  A mix of readers.  Much to my delight, this blog is read by
consumers, manufacturers, retailers, academics and researchers. 

After several posts with an academic bent,
consumers began asking for more practical advice related to product safety and
recalls.  Hence, posts like those on bike safety and Halloween recallsMore recently, I have been
getting requests for more information about the CPSIA.  To oblige this latest request, I am currently
working on a series of posts that will more thoroughly address the differences
between the Consumer Product Safety Act (1972 CPSA) and the Consumer
Product Safety Improvement Act (2008 CPSIA), a topic which I briefly addressed here
and here.  I will also continue to pepper
the blog with posts more directly applicable to consumers. 

The best way to make sure your topic of
interest is covered is to simply email me with your questions and ideas.  I can be reached at:  

Jennifer [at] WeMakeItSafer.com

Thank you to everyone who has been following the blog, and a special thanks to those who have already emailed me with questions and ideas for future posts. Your thoughts are greatly appreciated.

About the Author

Monday, November 3rd, 2008

Here's where to find information about Jennifer P. Toney:

Brief Bio: http://blog.wemakeitsafer.com/about.html

About WeMakeItSafer
:
http://blog.wemakeitsafer.com/jennifer/wemakeitsafercom/

Profile on Linkedin:
  http://www.linkedin.com/in/jtoney

Contact:
Jennifer [at] WeMakeItSafer [dot] com